Leading the Way in Solar Safety

SOLAR PANEL SYSTEM BASICS

• Can a Solar Panel (PV) System be switched off? 

  Solar panels cannot be turned off when exposed to light - light is the source of their power. This means that the panels are always live and can potentially cause electrocution during an emergency situation. The only safe and reliable means to 'switch off' (de-energise) the system at the source is to block the light received by the solar panels.
  

• Why are solar panels systems sometimes called solar PV systems? 

  PV is an abbreviation of Photovoltaic: Photo = Light, Voltaic = Electricity. The technical term for a solar panel system is a solar photovoltaic system which is commonly abbreviated to solar PV system.

• What are the common causes of Solar PV System Faults?

  Common reasons for solar PV system damage or faults include:

  • Physical Damage
  • Vermin Damage
  • Weather events such as lightning, hail and water ingression
  • Low-quality system components or age-related component degradation
  • Poor quality installation practices

  For these reasons, it is advised to have your solar PV system serviced annually by a licensed and accredited solar PV system installer or technician.

• What is the DC Danger Zone?

  The DC Danger Zone refers to the safety risks that solar PV systems pose to Firefighters, First Responders, Electrical Technicians and PV System Owners & Operators.

Understanding PVSTOP

• What is PVSTOP, and what does it do?
  PVSTOP is the only accredited light blocking agent designed to spray on to solar panels like a ‘liquid blanket’, blocking the light and ‘switching off’ the solar panels.  PVSTOP safely and effectively de-energises a solar PV system in seconds.
• How Does PVSTOP Work?
  PVSTOP is sprayed directly onto the solar panels like a ‘liquid blanket’ covering the solar panels and blocks the light from reaching the solar panel surface.  It is a simple solution to an otherwise complicated problem.
• Will PVSTOP Damage my solar PV system?
  No, PVSTOP is specifically designed to be applied to solar PV systems to block the light and ‘switch off’ the solar PV system at the source of power production without damaging the system.  PVSTOP dries into a latex-like film that can be easily peeled off post application when the PV system is ready to be re-activated.
• How does PVSTOP compare to other methods of de-energizing solar PV systems? 

  PVSTOP offers unique advantages:

  • Only accredited light-blocking agent designed for solar panels
  • Safe application from up to 10 meters (30 feet) away
  • Instant de-energization
  • Non-conductive and fire-retardant properties
  • Easy removal without PV system damage
• Can you use a tarpaulin or fire blanket instead of PVSTOP?
  There are several reasons why tarpaulins or fire blankets should not be used on solar PV systems including,

  • Not all types of tarpaulins or fire blankets effectively block the light, so the solar PV system may still be producing dangerous levels of DC electricity.
  • This method requires first responders to operate at height and directly engage with a ‘live’ DC electrical generator, exposing first responders to unacceptable risk.
  • If the PV array is damaged, the risks are unacceptable.
  • If the PV array is on fire, a tarpaulin or fire blanket cannot be safely secured.
  • Fire damage may increase the risk of roof collapse, preventing first responders from accessing the roof.

  For these reasons, no responsible firefighter, first responder, electrical technician or employer will encourage this type of practice due to Work Health & Safety obligations and liability risk.
• How quickly can PVSTOP be reapplied if needed?

  PVSTOP can be reapplied immediately if necessary. There's no waiting period between applications, allowing for quick reinforcement of coverage in challenging conditions or extended incidents.
  

APPLICATION And Usage

• Does PVSTOP need to cover the entire solar panel/solar panel array to switch off the solar panel system?
  No. To reduce the DC electricity produced by the solar PV system to safe levels, only 40% coverage of each solar panel is required. However, we always recommend 100% coverage as a ‘best practice’ procedure.
• How long does PVSTOP take to switch off my Solar Panel system?
  PVStop ‘switches off’ a solar panel system in a matter of seconds.  Once the coating has been applied across 40% of the solar panel array, the solar array is electrically safe.  Please refer to the Demonstration Video on our website for a full explanation.
• Does PVSTOP work in all weather conditions? Can it be applied in rain or wet conditions?
  Yes, PVSTOP works in all weather conditions, even in rain and on wet solar panels.  In extremely heavy rain, there may be some surface run-off requiring a second application to ensure adequate coverage.
• What is the delivery distance of PVSTOP?
  A PVSTOP cannister can spray up to 10 metres (30 feet) in ideal conditions.
• What delivery systems are used to apply PVSTOP?
  PVSTOP utilises a portable pressure vessel the design and manufacture of which complies with local fire extinguisher standards. In 2024 PVSTOP is launching a drone delivery system, ideal for high-rise, dangerous to access and large-scale applications.
• Is PVStop easy to apply?
  Yes. The PVSTOP delivery system is similar to a fire extinguisher - point and spray.  A 9 litre (2.5 gallon) cannister can discharge in 70 seconds and a 4.5 litre cannister can discharge in 35 seconds
• Does PVSTOP peel off all surfaces?
  No, PVSTOP will easily peel off any smooth surfaces (such as solar panels), but it can be difficult to remove from porous surfaces.  Porous surfaces will require a high-pressure water spray to remove the PVSTOP coating.
• What should I do if PVSTOP accidentally gets on surfaces other than solar panels? 

  For porous surfaces, immediately wash with water. Once dry, PVSTOP is difficult to remove from these surfaces. For non-porous surfaces, allow to dry then peel off. A high-pressure water spray may assist if removal is challenging. Avoid contact with clothing or PPE, as removal is extremely difficult once dry.
  

• What happens if PVSTOP is applied to turnout gear or clothing?
  PVSTOP is extremely difficult to remove from clothing once dry.  Avoid getting the coating or coating overspray onto clothing or turnout gear.
• Is PVSTOP effective at night or in low-light conditions?

  While primarily designed for daylight use, applying PVSTOP at night or in low-light conditions is a proactive safety measure. It ensures the system remains de-energized when light returns, which is crucial in post-incident scenarios or when preparing for potential daytime risks.
  

SAFETY AND EFFECTIVENESS

• Why is PVSTOP a necessary safety tool?
  PVSTOP is a necessary safety tool because it is the only product that quickly and safely isolates the power produced by solar PV systems at the source, the solar panels themselves. PVSTOP renders solar PV systems electrically safe, protecting first responders, electrical workers, and system owners/operators from the risk of electrocution.
• Does PVSTOP make solar PV systems electrically safe?
  Yes, PVSTOP is the only accredited light blocking agent designed to spray on to solar panels like a ‘liquid blanket’, blocking the light and ‘switching off’ the solar panels in seconds.  PVSTOP is effective on a range of risks relating to solar PV systems including,

  • PV system failure (panel damage, component failure, faulty interconnects and damaged cabling)
  • PV system maintenance (in many countries up to 20% of solar PV systems have been found to be dangerous and/or sub-standard)
  • Property fire (where the solar PV system is the ignition source of the fire)
  • Property fire (where the solar PV system becomes indirectly involved due to an external ignition source)
  • Hazard containment (solar panels are toxic when burning)
  • Extreme weather events (floods, wildfires, hailstorms)
• Can PVSTOP extinguish flames in a fire scenario?
  Yes, PVSTOP is a fire retardant solution in its wet state and non-flammable/heat resistant in its dry state.
• Is PVSTOP a fire extinguisher?
  No, although PVSTOP can extinguish a Class A fire (and successfully passed a Class 2A examination under Australian Standards test conditions), it is not a certified fire extinguisher, it is a light blocking agent designed to ‘switch off’ solar PV systems.
• Is PVSTOP electrically conductive?
  PVSTOP has been tested on voltages up to 3000v (DC), twice the maximum voltage allowable on a commercial PV string and is electrically non-conductive at these voltage levels.  PVSTOP is not a Class C (electrical fire extinguisher) and should not be used on electrical equipment other than solar PV systems.
• When should PVSTOP be applied?
  PVSTOP is designed to be used in a variety of scenarios where it is necessary to de-energise a solar PV system for the safety of personnel, property and the environment including:

  • Before an electrical fault escalates into a fire incident.
  • During an electrical arc, fire or flood incident.
  • After a fire incident to mitigate the risk of a secondary fire incident developing due to damaged PV system equipment.
• Does PVSTOP work on Building Integrated (BIPV) solar PV systems?
  Yes, PVSTOP works on all types of solar PV systems, including BIPV.
• Does PVSTOP work on Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS)?
  No, PVSTOP is not designed to be used on Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS).  However, PVSTOP is designed to be used on solar PV systems connected to Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) to stop the PV system continuing to feed electricity to the BESS.
• Does PVSTOP work on Electric Vehicle (EV) fires?
  No, PVSTOP is not designed to be applied to Electric Vehicle (EV) fires.
• Is PVSTOP effective on different types of solar panels? 

  PVSTOP is universally effective on all solar PV panel types, including monocrystalline, polycrystalline, thin-film technologies, and various system configurations.  It is not designed to be used on thermal solar systems as thermal solar systems do not pose an electrical risk.
  

• Can PVSTOP be used on floating solar PV systems?

   Yes, PVSTOP is effective on floating solar PV systems. Our upcoming drone delivery system is specifically designed to address unique challenges in various PV installations, including floating systems where access may be difficult.
  

• Are there any health risks associated with using PVSTOP?

  PVSTOP is designed to be safe for use. It is non-toxic and non-conductive. However, as with any chemical product, it's recommended to avoid direct skin contact or inhalation. Always follow the safety guidelines provided in our user manual and wear appropriate personal protective equipment when applying PVSTOP.
  

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

• How long does it take for PVSTOP to dry?
  PVSTOP is ‘tack-dry’ in under 5 minutes at an ambient temperature of 25°C (77°F) and ‘’tack-free in 120 minutes. In warmer temperatures the coating dries faster, in colder temperatures the coating dries slower, but remember the coating does not have to be dry to de-energise the solar PV system
• How long can PVSTOP be left on the solar panels?
  PVSTOP is designed to be left on a solar PV system for up to 12 months, or until the PV system is ready to be re-activated.
• How many solar panels can be coated with one cylinder of PVSTOP?
  The theoretical coverage rate is 5m² per Litre at a Wet Film Thickness (WFT) of 200 microns (the thickness of a sheet of paper), however practical application rate tends to be less (approximately 4m²) due to variables including distance from target, wind conditions and the skill level of the operator.
• Does PVSTOP come as a concentrate that can be mixed with water?
  PVSTOP is an emulsion, not a concentrate and cannot be mixed with water or other liquids.
• How does PVSTOP perform in different temperatures?

  PVSTOP is designed to work effectively across a temperature range of 5°C – 60°C (41°F – 140°F).. In warmer temperatures, the coating dries faster, while in colder temperatures, it dries slower. However, the coating doesn't need to be dry to effectively de-energize the solar PV system. It's crucial to note that PVSTOP must never be allowed to freeze before use, as this will compromise its integrity, effectiveness and void the product warranty. For optimal performance, always store PVSTOP within the recommended temperature range.
  

• What happens if PVSTOP is applied in freezing temperatures? 

  In freezing temperatures, PVSTOP's behaviour changes significantly. Instead of drying to a latex-like peelable coating, it freezes onto the panels. While it will still de-energize the solar panels in this state, removal becomes more difficult. The frozen coating will need to be pressure blasted or scraped off, rather than easily peeled away. If operating in potentially freezing conditions, take extra precautions to ensure the product is not allowed to freeze before use. Always remember that PVSTOP should ideally be stored within its recommended temperature range of 5°C – 60°C (41°F – 140°F). for optimal performance.

STORAGE, HANDLING, AND DISPOSAL

• How do you dispose of the PVSTOP Coating?
  PVSTOP dries into a latex-like film that can be easily peeled off solar panels and disposed of in general domestic waste.
• How do you refill a PVSTOP cannister once it has been used?
  PVSTOP cannisters are single use, they are not designed to be refilled.  Empty PVStop cylinders can be recycled at any local fire extinguisher recycling depot.  At the end of the warranty period, any unused PVSTOP cylinders can be returned to your local distributor or re-seller for recycling.
• What is the minimum and maximum storage temperature range of PVSTOP? 

  The recommended storage temperature range for PVSTOP is between 5°C (41°F) and 60°C (140°F). It's crucial to store PVSTOP within this range to maintain its effectiveness and ensure optimal performance. Never allow the product to freeze, as this will compromise its integrity and void the product warranty. Always store PVSTOP canisters upright in a cool, dry place, protected from direct sunlight. Before use, especially if stored in colder environments, make sure the product hasn't frozen. For best practices in storage and handling, consider using a heavy-duty storage cabinet.
  

• What is the shelf life of PVSTOP in its canister?

  PVSTOP has a 5-year shelf life when stored in an approved fire extinguisher-type pressure vessel, and 2 years in an Intermediate Bulk Container (IBC) or non-nitrogen pressurised storage container. Store at 5°C – 60°C (41°F – 140°F). Never allow the liquid to freeze.
  

TRAINING AND CERTIFICATION

• Are there training courses available for PVSTOP Application?
  Yes, PVSTOP have developed a certified training course to support the safe uptake and use of the PVSTOP solution.  All the details are available on the Training Page of our website.
• Can anyone apply PVSTOP?
  Although PVSTOP is easy to apply, the product should only be used by qualified operators who have received appropriate risk assessment training.
• Who should use PVSTOP?
  PVSTOP is designed to be used by:

  • Fire & Emergency Services Personnel
  • Electrical Technicians
  • Fire Wardens, Marshalls & Maintenance Personnel
  • PV system Owners & Operators
•  What training is required to use PVSTOP, and how can one obtain it? 

  While PVSTOP is user-friendly, proper training ensures safe and effective application. We offer:

  • Comprehensive Solar PV Safety eLearning Training for first responders, electrical technicians, and PV system owners/operators
  • Virtual Reality training modules in partnership with Flaim Systems. Contact your local PVSTOP distributor or visit our website's Training Page for access to these resources.

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT, PURCHASING, AND WARRANTY

• Does PVSTOP harm the environment?
  PVSTOP is not harmful to the environment and has been tested and approved by the following agencies:

  • European Union - Environmental Technology Verification Program (ETV)
  • Environmental Protection Authority – New South Wales, Australia
  • Public Utilities Board (PUB) Singapore’s National Water Agency
• Does PVSTOP contain any PFAS chemicals?
  PVSTOP does not contain any PFAS, PFOS or PFOA chemicals (testing conducted by Envirolab Australia).
•  What certifications or accreditations does PVSTOP have?

  PVSTOP holds several key certifications:

  • ISO 14034:2016 Environmental Management - Environmental Technology Verification (ETV)
  • European Commission Environmental Technology Verification Scheme
  • TUV Rheinland Assessment of electrical output of PV modules, Report # 21240276.001
  • BS 476-6 (Fire Propagation) and BS476-7 (Surface Spread of Flame) Certifications - Class O Rating
  • EN 45545-2: 2013 (Smoke & Toxicity) Certification
  • EnviroLab Certificate of Analysis PFAS, PFOS, PFOA chemicals
  • Approval from Singapore's Public Utilities Board (PUB) for use on drinking water reservoirs
  • EPA - Environmental Test Report
•  Is PVSTOP biodegradable?

  While PVSTOP is environmentally friendly and non-toxic, it is not biodegradable in the traditional sense. However, it can be safely disposed of in general waste without causing harm to the environment. The product has been rigorously tested and approved by environmental agencies for its low environmental impact.
  

• Where can I buy PVSTOP?
  PVSTOP can only be purchased from our international network of approved distributors or re-sellers.  Please view our distributor page for a distributor near you!
• What is the product warranty?
  We provide a 3 year manufacturer warranty on the PVSTOP agent.